Every mead, ranked by how much it actually changes your game. The durations below come from the wiki. The short version: two meads are close to mandatory, a handful are excellent tools, and the rest are comfort items.
S tier: not optional
Poison resistance mead runs a full ten minutes per bottle and is the difference between the Swamp being a death loop and being farmable. It is also, functionally, the key to Bonemass.
Frost resistance mead is the same story for the Mountains: ten minutes of not freezing to death, until a wolf cape retires it. Both of these should be brewing before you ever set foot in their biome.
A tier: carried by everyone sensible
Medium healing mead is instant health in a fight, and instant is the point. Every boss attempt should have a stack along.
Fire resistance barley wine is the Ashlands entry ticket, and matters in the Yagluth fight too.
Medium stamina mead refills the resource every fight actually runs on.
B and C: nice, rarely decisive
The minor versions of healing and stamina do the same jobs smaller, worth brewing exactly until the medium recipes exist. Tasty mead trades health regeneration for stamina regeneration, a real niche for sprint heavy farming.
Minor eitr mead serves early mages.
Bukeperries mostly teaches you to read labels before drinking.
The fermenter is the real bottleneck
Every mead takes days of in game time to ferment. The tier list only helps if the bottles exist, so keep the fermenter always running. An empty fermenter is wasted time you cannot get back.
Full recipes and the brewing setup are in the mead guide, and pair the drinking with proper food. Skål!